Technical
Data & Knowledge Layer
Knowledge Capsule System

Knowledge Capsule System

The Knowledge Capsule System is AIMatrix’s revolutionary approach to modular knowledge management, enabling third-party developers to create, publish, and distribute specialized knowledge modules that can be seamlessly integrated into the platform.

Overview

Knowledge Capsules are self-contained, versioned packages that encapsulate domain-specific knowledge, rules, workflows, and data processing logic. They function like plugins for the AIMatrix knowledge layer, allowing organizations to extend their AI capabilities with specialized expertise from third-party developers.

Core Concept 

  graph TB
    A[Knowledge Marketplace] --> B[Capsule Discovery]
    B --> C[Installation Process]
    C --> D[Integration Layer]
    D --> E[Active Knowledge Base]
    E --> F[AI Processing]
    
    G[Developer Portal] --> H[Capsule Development]
    H --> I[Quality Assurance]
    I --> J[Publishing]
    J --> A
    
    K[Dependency Manager] --> C
    L[Version Control] --> C
    M[Sandboxing] --> D
    N[Event Sourcing] --> E

Architecture Components

1. Capsule Structure

  • Metadata: Version, dependencies, compatibility
  • Knowledge Assets: Rules, schemas, workflows
  • Integration Hooks: API endpoints, event handlers
  • Resources: Documentation, examples, tests

2. Runtime Environment

  • Isolation Layer: Sandboxed execution environment
  • Dependency Resolution: Automatic dependency management
  • Version Compatibility: Semantic versioning support
  • Resource Management: Memory and CPU allocation

3. Data Integration

  • Supabase Integration: Native database operations
  • Vector Search: Embedding and retrieval
  • Event Sourcing: Complete audit trail
  • Real-time Sync: Live updates and notifications

Use Cases

Enterprise Applications

LHDN e-Invoice Compliance 

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// Example: Malaysian LHDN e-Invoice capsule
const lhdnCapsule = {
  id: "lhdn-einvoice-v2024",
  version: "1.2.3",
  knowledge: {
    taxRules: "Malaysian GST/SST compliance rules",
    invoiceFormats: "LHDN-approved XML schemas",
    validationLogic: "Real-time invoice validation"
  }
}

HR Management Systems

  • Employee handbook automation
  • Policy compliance checking
  • Performance review workflows
  • Regulatory compliance tracking

Industry-Specific Knowledge

  • Legal document processing
  • Medical diagnostic assistance
  • Financial risk assessment
  • Supply chain optimization

Marketplace Ecosystem

For Organizations

  • Discovery: Browse certified knowledge capsules
  • Evaluation: Test in sandbox environments
  • Integration: One-click installation
  • Management: Update, configure, and monitor

For Developers

  • Monetization: Revenue sharing models
  • Distribution: Global marketplace reach
  • Support: Developer tools and APIs
  • Analytics: Usage metrics and feedback

Quality Assurance

  • Certification Process: Rigorous testing and validation
  • Security Scanning: Automated vulnerability detection
  • Performance Testing: Resource usage optimization
  • Compliance Verification: Regulatory requirement checks

Key Benefits

Extensibility

  • Modular Architecture: Add capabilities without core changes
  • Domain Expertise: Access specialized knowledge from experts
  • Rapid Deployment: Install and activate in minutes
  • Custom Solutions: Tailored knowledge for specific needs

Maintainability

  • Version Control: Rollback and update capabilities
  • Dependency Management: Automatic resolution and updates
  • Impact Analysis: Understand changes before deployment
  • Event Sourcing: Complete change history

Scalability

  • Horizontal Scaling: Distribute capsules across instances
  • Resource Isolation: Prevent interference between capsules
  • Load Balancing: Optimize resource utilization
  • Performance Monitoring: Real-time metrics and alerts

Technical Challenges

The Removal Problem

The most complex challenge in the Knowledge Capsule System is safely removing capsules while maintaining system integrity:

  • Dependency Tracking: Understanding interconnected relationships
  • Orphaned References: Handling broken knowledge links
  • Data Migration: Preserving essential information
  • Gradual Phase-out: Minimizing disruption during removal

Solutions Implemented

  • Immutable Knowledge Graphs: Preserve historical relationships
  • Shadow Removal: Mark as removed without data deletion
  • Reference Counting: Track active usage patterns
  • Event Sourcing: Enable complete rollback capabilities

Database Schema Overview 

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-- Core capsule registry
CREATE TABLE knowledge_capsules (
    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
    name TEXT NOT NULL,
    version TEXT NOT NULL,
    developer_id UUID REFERENCES developers(id),
    status capsule_status DEFAULT 'active',
    metadata JSONB NOT NULL,
    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
    
    UNIQUE(name, version)
);

-- Dependency relationships
CREATE TABLE capsule_dependencies (
    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
    capsule_id UUID REFERENCES knowledge_capsules(id),
    depends_on_id UUID REFERENCES knowledge_capsules(id),
    version_constraint TEXT NOT NULL,
    dependency_type dependency_type DEFAULT 'required',
    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Installation tracking
CREATE TABLE capsule_installations (
    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
    capsule_id UUID REFERENCES knowledge_capsules(id),
    organization_id UUID REFERENCES organizations(id),
    installation_status installation_status DEFAULT 'pending',
    configuration JSONB DEFAULT '{}',
    installed_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
    last_updated TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
);

Event Sourcing Pattern 

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interface CapsuleEvent {
  id: string;
  capsuleId: string;
  eventType: 'installed' | 'updated' | 'removed' | 'configured';
  payload: any;
  timestamp: Date;
  organizationId: string;
  userId: string;
}

// Event store for complete audit trail
const eventStore = new EventStore<CapsuleEvent>({
  table: 'capsule_events',
  partitionKey: 'capsuleId',
  sortKey: 'timestamp'
});

Getting Started

  1. Understanding Architecture - Deep dive into technical components
  2. Lifecycle Management - Installation, updates, and removal
  3. Developer Guide - Building your first capsule
  4. Marketplace - Publishing and monetization

Next Steps